Bacterial conjugation is the main horizontal gene transfer route responsible for the spread of antibiotic resistance, virulence and toxin genes.During conjugation, DNA is transferred from a donor to a recipient cell via a sophisticated channel connecting the two cells.Conjugation not only affects many different aspects of the plasmid and the host,
Abstract Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed to derive an equation of state (EOS) for helium (He) bubbles in tungsten (W) and to study the growth of He bubbles under a W(100) surface until they burst.We study the growth as a function of the initial nucleation depth of the bubbles.During growth, successive loop-punching events are obse
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell based immunotherapy has become a promising treatment mainly for hematological malignancies.Following the major success of CD19-targeted CAR, new potential targets for other malignancies are required.As such, B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) is an attractive tumor-associated antigen to be targeted in multiple m
A high-sensitivity sensor for measuring moisture content in the air or air humidity under low pressure was designed on the basis of a half-wave coaxial microwave cavity.The method of measuring small variations in the signal phase at a cavity excitation frequency of 1.63 GHz was applied to detect low densities of water vapor.It allows the detection
Current animal models of chronic peripheral nerve compression are mainly silicone tube models.However, the cross section of the rat sciatic nerve is not a perfect circle, and there are differences in the diameter of the sciatic nerve due to individual differences.The use of a silicone tube with a uniform internal diameter may not provide a reliable